measles

Understanding Measles: Risks and the Vital Role of Vaccination

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Measles is a highly contagious viral disease that poses serious health risks, particularly to unvaccinated individuals. The recent outbreak in Texas, with 159 reported cases and one tragic death, underscores the importance of understanding this disease and the protection offered by vaccination. ​

The Dangers of Measles

Measles is more than just a childhood illness; it can lead to severe complications, including:

  • Pneumonia: A serious lung infection that is the most common cause of measles-related deaths, especially in young children.​

  • Encephalitis: Swelling of the brain that can cause permanent damage or death.​

  • Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis (SSPE): A rare but fatal disease of the central nervous system that can develop years after a measles infection.​

  • Pregnancy Complications: Measles during pregnancy can lead to miscarriage, premature birth, or low birth weight.​

The virus spreads through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. It can remain viable in the air and on surfaces for up to two hours, making it extremely transmissible. Approximately 90% of susceptible individuals will contract measles if exposed.​

How Vaccines Provide Protection

The Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccine is a safe and effective way to prevent measles. It works by introducing a weakened form of the virus, stimulating the immune system to develop immunity without causing the disease. Two doses of the MMR vaccine are about 97% effective at preventing measles; one dose is about 93% effective. ​cdc.gov

Vaccination not only protects the individual but also contributes to herd immunity, reducing the spread of the virus within the community and protecting those who cannot be vaccinated, such as infants and individuals with certain medical conditions.​

Recent Measles Outbreaks

Measles was declared eliminated in the United States in 2000; however, outbreaks have occurred due to declining vaccination rates and international travel.

  • 2025 Texas Outbreak: As of March 4, 2025, Texas has reported 159 measles cases since late January, primarily in the South Plains region. This marks the largest outbreak in the state in nearly 30 years. Tragically, one unvaccinated school-aged child has died.

  • 2019 New York Outbreak: Centered in under-vaccinated communities, this outbreak resulted in over 1,200 cases, prompting public health emergencies and new vaccination laws.​

Importance of Vaccination

High vaccination coverage is crucial to prevent measles outbreaks. The recent Texas outbreak highlights the consequences of declining vaccination rates. Health experts emphasize that the MMR vaccine is safe, effective, and the best defense against measles. ​

At Immunize El Paso, we are committed to providing accessible vaccination services to protect our community. We encourage everyone to ensure their immunizations are up to date to safeguard their health and the health of those around them.​

For more information or to schedule a vaccination, please visit our website or contact us at 915-533-3414.

Protect yourself and your community—vaccinate against measles today.